Pneumococcal vaccination in developing countries

Pneumococcal vaccination in developing countries.

Rotavirus vaccination in developing countries.

Although two oral rotavirus vaccines are licensed in many countries, multiple factors may affect decision-making regarding introduction into national immunization programs in developing countries. Financial and logistic challenges to introduction of rotavirus vaccines in countries with limited infrastructure and resources are accompanied by a perceived lack of need and evidence from recent vacc...

PneumoADIP: an example of translational research to accelerate pneumococcal vaccination in developing countries.

Historically, the introduction of new vaccines in developing countries has been delayed due to lack of a coordinated effort to address both demand and supply issues. The introduction of vaccines in developing countries has been plagued by a vicious cycle of uncertain demand leading to limited supply, which keeps prices relatively high and, in turn, further increases the uncertainty of demand. T...

Lessons from measles vaccination in developing countries.

Difficulties in reaching and sustaining high enough coverage combined with the need to delay vaccination until most infants have lost maternal antibodies make it hard to control measles with standard titres of measles vaccine. Maternal antibodies are no longer a factor in infants after 9 months in developing countries and after 15 months in developed countries. It would be good to have a vacc...

Malnutrition and vaccination in developing countries.

Malnutrition contributes to an estimated 45% of deaths among children under 5 years of age in developing countries, predominantly due to infections. Malnourished children therefore stand to benefit hugely from vaccination, but malnutrition has been described as the most common immunodeficiency globally, suggesting that they may not be able to respond effectively to vaccines. The immunology of m...